Before diving into this tutorial note that Starfield does not have weapon crafting at the time of this article.
So head over to your weapon workbench. I use the one I have built in my outpost. You can build one for 1 Nickel, 1 Sealant, 2 Iron, and 1 Adhesive. To optimize weapon modification, I also recommend using the Research Laboratory.
Choosing a Weapon
Weapons have different modifications that depend on the weapon type you choose. For this tutorial, I will be using the Poison Balanced Va’Ruun Schimaz. It’s an epic melee weapon.

You’ll have the current weapon statistics on the left-hand side of the screen. It tells you everything that the weapon is capable of. The right-hand side is where you see the components needed to craft the blade and the required research. If you can’t craft something I will be greyed out. As you tune the weapon, the value of the weapon will also increase and decrease.
Taking advantage of the Research Laboratory
The Research Laboratory opens up a lot of options in a variety of different categories. The weaponry category is what is the most important for this tutorial.

When you start investing in these options, you’ll unlock more modifications for your weapons. Note that melee weapons have significantly fewer options than everything else and if you’re looking for weapon skins, you won’t find them here. Research costs materials and those materials increase as you continue your research.